Foraging for Burdock & Making Carduni
Burdock (Arctium lappa) grows wild all over much of North America and it’s a fairly easy plant to identify. (Make sure you take a reliable guide with you when foraging for wild plants.) In addition to being quite common, the stems are very tasty when prepared! When prepared in a traditional Italian dish, it is also known as ‘carduni.’
Why Eat Weeds?
Many of our common lawn weeds are actually edible and chock full of vitamins and minerals. Make sure you have positively identified your plant material before you nibble on it! I started foraging for wild edibles when I was a kid. Armed only with my Dad’s survival manual and a bag, I’d head out into the woods, fields, or our lawn to gather anything edible I could find. I loved the sense of self-reliance that came from harvesting wild edibles.
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Eating Burdock or ‘Carduni’
Imagine my surprise when my in-laws introduced me to carduni (spelled in various ways…gardoni and cardune are also common), an Italian delicacy made from the young, tender stalks of the common burdock plant (Arctium species). If only I had known how good these were when I was a kid…my parents would have had a weed-free yard. 🙂
The roots, young leaves, and stalks are all edible and tasty when prepared in carduni. For many years I did not try eating the leaves but recently we have cooked the leaves in carduni also.
For our recipe, you will want the young stalks or tender young leaves. Be sure to collect your plant material from clean plants in an area without dogs, lawn chemicals, or pollution to taint it. (Another good reason not to use pesticides on your lawn).
Cut young stems at the base with a sharp knife and remove the leaves, if you only wish to eat the stems. When you have enough, wash the stalks thoroughly and chop them into small chunks. Put into a pot of water with a sprinkle of salt and bring to a boil. Pour off this water and fill it with fresh water to cover the stems. Bring to a boil again and cook until tender. Drain and rinse to cool. Now you are ready to make carduni!
Note: I am no longer pouring off the water from the first boiling, adding more and boiling again. Now I put water over the chopped stalks, bring to a boil, reduce heat to low and cook until tender. I pour off this water and use the cooked stems in the following recipe.
Most sources say to peel the leaf stems before using. I haven’t found this to be necessary. I just wash them thoroughly before cooking.
Carduni
- 4 cups cooked, cooled burdock stems
- 9 eggs
- 2 cups bread or cracker crumbs
- chopped green onion
- sprinkle of Parmesan cheese
- Seasonings (we use Italian seasoning, basil, salt, and pepper)
Beat eggs in a medium bowl. In a separate bowl, combine the bread crumbs, parmesan cheese, and seasonings and mix. Add eggs, chopped onions, and dry ingredients to cooked burdock and combine.
Drop this mixture by spoonfuls into a hot, oiled skillet. Cook over medium heat until browned on both sides. Drain off oil on paper towels.
Of course, you can eat the boiled stems without the batter and frying, but it might taste too ‘healthy’ for most people. This carduni recipe is another great way of using up some of your spring abundance of eggs!
Watch out for the kitchen vultures. They should be circling by now!
If you like, you can eat your carduni in a sandwich with a dab of hot sauce and a little cheese sprinkled over the top.
Drinking the cooking water from the burdock will supply quite a few vitamins and minerals to your diet. I’m not saying it tastes good, just that it’s good for you. If you were in a survival situation you would want to get all the nutrition you can from your food.
How to Freeze Burdock
Burdock is also easy to freeze for later. Just follow these steps and you can have Carduni in the winter too!
- Clean and chop burdock
- Cook to ‘al dente’ stage
- Chill
- Pack in freezer bags
- Freeze and use in 1 year or less for best results
Nutritional Value of Burdock
Some of the reported beneficial properties of burdock are its use as a blood purifier, detox agent, anti-bacterial, and anti-fungal treatment. It is rich in vitamins and minerals, including vitamins C and niacin, as well as chromium, calcium, magnesium, iron, and copper. Some research also suggests that burdock has compounds that combat cancer. For more info about the health benefits of burdock, check out this article.
*Caution! Do not eat any wild foods unless you are absolutely sure you have identified them correctly! The Self Sufficient HomeAcre is providing this information for your entertainment and assumes no liability for issues arising from the consumption of misidentified plant material. Get a good plant identification book, or go foraging with an expert to make sure you stay safe!
Have you ever eaten carduni? Or does the thought of eating ‘weeds’ turn your stomach? Leave a comment!
When my mom prepared Cardone she cut them thin and put in some kind of batter, then fried. When they were done, She topped with a sprinkle of sugar. Anyone do this?? I’m looking to find the recipe for the batter.
I’ve never tried making a sweet version. Anyone else?
Please let me know if you try this!
My mother-in-law also cooked the carduni. From Jamestown NY and surrounding towns for relatives. My husband absolutely loved it. One time one of the churches was having their festival. My husband only went early so he could bring home some carduni sandwiches.
Hi Dawn,
My husband is a Lombardo from Jamestown, NY. Although we don’t live there anymore, we still have family that goes to the Italian Festival at St James and I think at St John’s, too. What a small world!
Do you sell Wild foraged burdock root, or know some one that does ?
Please and thank you advise
Danella Watkins
Inquiring
Hi Danella,
I’m sorry… I do not sell burdock root and I don’t know anyone who does. I hope you are able to locate some. Maybe try a farmers market?
My Sicilian grandparents used to pick burdock from the side of the road and cook it with eggs, as mentioned in this article. I seem to remember as a kid they would peel the outside layer of the stalks (which may have been more purplish) and their fingers got stained from the plant juice making them almost appear black. Is this something you have heard of, or am I perhaps conflating memories of them preparing some other edible weed?
Also, I have seen burdock referred to as garduna, have you come across it being called gardoon?
Hi Steve,
Yes, my Mother-in-law peeled the outer layer but I don’t do that… and yes, garduni, gardoon, and other spellings are common (probably due to the region where people came from). And it sure does stain your hands!
Thanks for stopping by.
Hi!! I did make this only i used the leaves and the stem, it came out lovely i shared the patties with my integrated medicine doctor and secretary who also shred it with other patients! it was a big hit! only one thing… this plant came p in my 4x40foot garden, and it quite large leaves take up a lot of space.. no sticker flowers yet though yippy!i also get velvet leaf and fenugreek each year, and little brown mexican beans.
Hi Elaine,
We sometimes use the leaves, too. That’s wonderful that you could share! Yes, burdock takes up a lot of space and can be pretty aggressive in a garden but the benefits are worth the trouble. 🙂 The unripe seeds of velvet leaf are edible, although the plant is pretty invasive… so it’s a good way to reduce the spread of the seeds! I am curious now about the beans.
Thanks for stopping by and sharing your experience!
Lisa
We Italians LOVE cordon. We pick when tender, in PA usually by mid-May. Clean them and boil till tender. Then we keep the stalks a few inches and dip in egg and breadcrumbs and fry. They are delicious this way!
Sounds delicious! Very similar to the patties that my MIL taught me to make. I’d like to try this in the spring!
Hi. I can’t tell you how happy I was today to go foraging for the burdock. Our city cut down all along the path we used to find a mother load, but I decided to take a drive the other day and found some by grape vines.
We are all of Sicilian decent. I took my mother and we drove over to the area I saw them, and BOOM! there was a huge huge bunch growing off the side of the road towards a field. I slammed on the breaks and away we went with our knives. Cars would slow down and look to see what these two crazy ladies were doing with knives. We’ve been eating them since I was a little girl at grandmas house. What a great find and a wonderful day with my mother.
That’s wonderful, Stephanie! I’m so glad you found some! We’ve had several batches this spring and I’m always excited to pick a big batch. 🙂
Thanks for stopping by!
Lisa In the in the late fifties, my dad, grandfather and I would forage for Cardoni. plant which we ignored. The ones we harvested were all green, and the ignored those that had a red stripe. I think this might have been the difference between cardoon and burdock. We would cut them just below the surface and discard the leaves. After par boiling the stalk bundles, they would dipped in an egg wash and dredged in a mix of bread crumbs and grated cheese, then fried.
Once, when asked what we were doing grandfather told the farmer they would be boiled and used as medicine for our non existent sick horse.
Joe DiMaria Third generation Sicilian American
Hi Joe… this is a great story! Thanks for sharing your memories with us! I hope you are still eating Carduni!
My brother has what looks like Gardoni I’m his front yard, how can I tell if it is a Burdock plant?
Hi Nancy,
The best way is to get an identification guide and check it to make sure the plant matches the description in the guide.
Although I live in Florida, I was raised foraging and eating Carduni. My family still lives there and my niece is interested in growing burdock. Sources are difficult to find since many Italians search every year. Sources are often secret! I had the idea of planting seeds but my brothers are too lazy but my niece is not.
Problem is getting the right seeds. The plants shown don’t look like what you show and what I’m familiar with. Any ideas?
Wow, I’m so glad I came across this thread! I’m first generation of Sicilian parents, and my mom (along with my Nonna & aunts) would always cook carduni!! You taught me something new Lisa Lynn ~ I never knew they were called burdock! My relatives would just call them wild carduni whenever they came across them. The ones that grew wild were always smaller than the ones you’d find in the international produce market. My dad would cut leaves that grew in the woods next to our house. Once, when I was a teenager, my parents and a bunch of my relatives were driving caravan to a party … when they stopped the cars alongside a woods because they saw wild carduni growing and decided to go foraging. Boy, was I embarassed at the time! But now I wish I could go back in time to enjoy it! Mmmm, I have to admit they sure did taste delicious. After boiling the stalks, they would simply dip them in flour, season with salt and pepper, and fry them in hot oil until golden. Maybe squeeze a little lemon if desired. Thanks Lisa Lynn for bringing this wonderful memory back to me … maybe I’ll keep my eye open when I pass by the woods for burdock ~ wild carduni!
I grew up in Lawrence and Methuen Massachusetts. In early May my Sicilian Grandfather, and Napolitano Father and Godfather would go Carduni hunting. We would use a wide long flat knife to carefully pick the plant and cut it below the stalk end leaving the hard root disc to keep the stalks intact. Then they would be washed. To cook them my Grandmother dipped them in egg and then in breadcrumbs and fried them till golden brown in olive oil infused with garlic. A good shaking of salt right out of the pan and then served. They usually grow around moist areas but I had not seen one in years. However, I did see one on a piece of lawn in a parking lot in Seabrook NH. 2 years ago. I picked it with the intention to grow it till it seeded. But unfortunately it died. I just bought some Franchi seeds for the Cardoon they grow in Italy. But they look different than what I ate. Now that I saw your site I know they were small burdock plants that Sicilians substituted for the Italian cousin. Ill also be growing some Cucuzza squash, the leaves of which a soup is made from. And I’m growing some rapi and wild fennel. A Sicilian garden.
Hi Gary,
I enjoyed reading about how you foraged with your grandfathers! I think many families had their own traditional recipes for using different vegetables…which makes it fun and interesting. I have seen the seeds for traditional Cardoon for sale, but I’ve never tried growing it. I think I need to try that someday. 🙂
Your garden sounds wonderful! I am wondering if I have the same kind of squash. It is a zucchini type of squash called Cocozelle…do you know if it is the same? I have not tried the leaves in soups, but I recently read a recipe for a smoothie made with pumpkin leaves!
Thanks so much for sharing!
This was a favorite of mine growing up with my Italian Grandmother. At 68 I just realized what I thought was ‘murdock’ was burdock. She had an interesting way of pronouncing many things, heritage of an Immigrant. I thought she called this recipe
‘spotigy’ – again not sure exactly. I remember my grandfather bringing in the plants. I asked where he got them and he said from a field, growing wild. I asked if the people allowed him to take them — lol, he said they are wild. It was my favorite way to eat eggs and now I see how similar it is to vegetable egg foo young.
Thanks so much for this article. I’ve been searching forever to remember this wonderful food from childhood.
Plants are ‘weeds’ because we no longer know their value (barring poisonous of course). Vegetables, especially greens, are the only true alkalizing foods we have to combat the barrage of acidic foods — that induce ill health and feed cancer. FYI: simple carbs, sugars, meat, dairy, junk food and soda are ALL acidic and the body can’t handle it without alkalizing as well.
Hi Teri, Thank you for sharing your memories of your Grandparents! I always enjoy hearing about the experiences of my readers. 🙂
You are so correct about how unhealthy the ‘modern’ diet is. Wild foods are superfoods with so many antioxidants and nutrients that are missing from commercially grown, chemically treated ‘food’…thanks so much for stopping by. I hope you have a great year foraging for wild plants!
Hi… I have been eating carduni since I was a little girl! But one thing I really remember was that my Nana would dry the large leafs and make a tea out of it for my Nano…he was diabetic. It kept his sugar down, he didn’t take insulin. It was bitter!! I know for a fact because I thought it was iced tea and I drank it!! LOL. Have you ever heard of it helping diabetes?
Hi Dolly,
Burdock has been studied for health benefits and some studies suggest that compounds in burdock help reduce blood glucose levels when burdock is consumed. It looks very promising for further study!
Thank you for sharing your family’s experience!
Thank you Lisa for this great post.
Here in Hokkaido, Japan, where I live since 12 years, burdock root is in every Japanese store in abundance.
Cooked, prepared burdock too, But…
mostly kimpira what is sweetened with sugar and mirin, what I as a Westerner cannot enjoy, so I try to prepare differently not sweet at all.
Have no access to the other parts of the plant, no seeds available anywhere ( for some reason) only the root.
But I’m thankful to have the root; today for the first time I made with carrots cut like kinpira but in virgin olive oil with chopped garlic, some paprika powder, simmering slowly till tender, it proved to be excellent.
Will do regularly from now on.
Hi Istvan,
Thanks for the info about burdock root in Japan. It seems that I have read that they have a different variety in Asia…I haven’t had the chance to try it. I’m glad that you are enjoying it!
I’d like to know if the stalks can be frozen as is or should I boil them first and then freeze? I want to harvest now before they get too woody.
Also a delicacy in our Sicilian family. Never made it to the table as we swarmed them as soon as they were done!
Thanks for including this recipe….my grandma and aunts made it this way! I’m going to try to make for my 97 year old father who has been craving them.
Hi Linda,
Funny you should ask, I was thinking about doing a post about freezing burdock.
I blanch them until al dente, then freeze. Blanching kills enzymes that can make the veggies deteriorate in the freezer.
Your Dad will be delighted! Thanks so much for stopping by and asking a great question. 🙂
(I think maybe I will just update this post with that info…not really enough for a whole post.)
I have been eating this for 40 years or more. My grandfather fed it to me at least 40 years ago. He made it often, and later taught me to make it. I had no idea it was a recipe. I thought it was just “his thing” as I have never seen it shown before.
Burdock petioles are delicious so many ways. I have them every morning, when in season, with some rice, quonia and barley, and an egg or 2. Delicious abundant food source.
Hi Tom,
My Mother in Law made it without a recipe. I decided to write it down so I could share it. 🙂
I like them too! Thanks for sharing your memory.
I have a large patch of budock. I’m looking forward to trying it.
Did you try the burdock? I hope you liked !
I love this! Thanks for sharing it.
🙂
wow…….we have Burdock growing ALL over the place. The horse liked it before it flowered, the cows liked it before it flowered too. My goats like it too.
As long as it doesn’t have the “sticker” seeds, its tolerable…..but man does it create great difficulty with horses mane’s & tails….oey
A friend keeps telling me its edible……I’d just like to reduce some of the locations its in, drastically. It grows EVERYWHERE despite what the “experts” say (if you look up the plant). We have it growing through cracks in concrete. It gets no water in those locations, except from mother earth. Same w/it growing out in our pasture. And they do superbly 🙂
I hope you get a chance to try eating this wild food, Alli. 🙂 That’s one way to reduce the population!
Wow, this is great! I just left a comment on one of your chicken posts and see you are also into foraging. We have a lot in common. I’ve been foraging for mostly berries and nuts, but am looking forward to spring, so I can expand my repertoire of edible wild greens. I knew burdock was edible, but have not tried it yet. Anyway, nice blog.
Hi Janet,
Thanks! I’m so glad you found my blog 🙂 You will like burdock…just be sure to pick it while young and tender and parboil it to remove the bitterness. You can drink the resulting juice for detoxing your liver too. Not the tastiest stuff on the planet…but good for you! Thanks for stopping by!
I don’t think we have burdock here. But I wonder how it would taste with Swiss chard. My 11yr old just walked by and exclaimed, “Woah, that looks good. What kind of meat is it?”
Hi Angie,
I think that I saw that burdock doesn’t grow very far south, so you may be right. Lol! My son likes it and goes back for seconds, and thirds. 😉
We’ve made it with Swiss chard too – we call it “charduni” 🙂
It’s good. Pretty much any green leafy will work. It’s the batter that really makes the flavor.
I’m looking forward to the Swiss chard harvest so we can make some more. 🙂
oh my goodness and here I’ve been super happy using the leaves as mulch between the squash! I’ve eaten burdock root before but not the leaves, I’m intrigued and I will give this one a go!
Well, that’s a good use for it too! Best wishes!
I’m trying to decide if I have ever seen it (bardock) this far north of Edmonton, Alberta
Hi Marilyn,
I know that it grows in some parts of Canada, but I don’t know how far north.
That is so funny you wrote this as I was just talking to my grandmother who told me about how my Sicilian Great grandmother used to make gardoni! She had no idea “what” it was. I recently figured it out and have had my eye out when I take my boys foraging. She said my great grandmother would cut the stalks in half, season and cover with parm and it was yummy. I am hopping we locate some soon because I really want to give it a try.
Mindie ~ The “Born Again” Farm Girl
That’s too funny, Mindy! I hope you find some soon! I love it in this recipe. 🙂 It often grows along pathways, edge of the woods, or all over my garden. 😉
Hmmm, I guess I shouldn’t of had that part of my new garden back hoed last fall… that’s where all the burdock was! The broth from burdock, let’s just say it’s an acquired taste! LOL!
Hugs,
Beth P
Hi Beth,
I’m sure you’ll make good use of the garden space 🙂 And yes, it is not a drink for enjoyment!
I’m always interested in new ways to use what’s on the land around me. I just am not sure what I am looking at half the time. For example: Nettle. I have this stuff that looks just like it, but I just don’t know for sure. So, I just leave it.
Hi Rachel,
Maybe you could pick up a plant id book to help you determine what’s what. I’ve had some things that I wasn’t sure about…so I leave it, or get my book if it’s around.
My dad raised us foraging on weekends with his trusty ‘Peterson Guides’. Brush my teeth with birch phloem? So many times. While I remember most of what he taught us but I also remember that recipes were far and few between! I’ll be looking forward to making this for him, thanks for sharing!
That’s great Jennifer! It’s nice to have instructions for cooking…the guides have to be concise so you can bring it along on your foraging trips. 🙂 Does anyone have suggestions for a good foraging cookbook?
It’s best harvested in mid-to-late May – that’s when the stems are still tender. Growing up in an Italian-American family, I’ve had my share of garduni, and Lisa’s recipe is really good! For authenticity, use Italian-style bread crumbs and cook it in olive oil.
Thanks for supplying the extra info, Tom. 🙂
I’ve never eaten burdock, but I’ve cut down enough of it to know exactly what it looks like. I usually just add stems and leaves to the compost pile–and try to get rid of it before it gets very old. I’ll try carduni this week–with those extra eggs. Thanks for this excellent post!
Happy to share, Meredith!
Hi Carol,
Great info to know. I have read about its antibacterial properties, but haven’t tried it. Thanks for sharing!
Great idea, Lisa. We make a similar dish using zucchini. I’ve never eaten burdock, but I use it for burn and wound care. It goes into my homemade wound salve and we use it, blanched, as a covering for the wound.